AV:RetroTINK-5X Pro

RetroTink 5x Wiki Documentation 0.002

How To Use The RetroTink5x Pro - A Beginner’s Guide

The Retrotink 5x Pro is a product designed to solve the problem of using retro video game consoles with modern flat panel displays. If you’ve arrived at this guide, you’re probably aware of some problems when trying to play older video game systems on a newer TV:

HDMI vs Analog

In many situations, the cables that came with your game system will not be compatible with the modern digital HDMI inputs on your TV. One of the main features of the RetroTink 5X Pro (abbreviated as the “Tink 5x”) is to convert these signals into an HDMI format your modern display can understand.

Correct Image Processing

In the cases that your display does have the correct hook ups to connect your console, there’s still a good chance that the resulting output will be blurry, distorted and laggy. This is because most displays are designed with video content in mind, and the video processing used to handle video isn’t a good fit for retro consoles. Features like minimal and consistent latency, integer scaling and proper handling of 240p are almost always missing when using a flat panel’s included analog inputs.

Lag

This needs to be added here…I don’t want to get too in the weeds with ”A Beginner’s Guide” but I do think the average person needs to understand lag enough to appreciate that it might be the reason why “retro games don’t feel like they used to”, and without going into a CRT manifesto, and why low latency scalers are required for retro games to “feel” right.

Just Play the Damn Game™

Thanks to Mike Chi’s research and engineering, the Tink 5x is one of the best products on the market specifically built to address the peculiarities of retro video game analog signals. While a complex engine of tweakability lies under the hood for enthusiasts, the Tink 5x prioritizes ease of use so anyone can get their console up in running.

Here are the basic steps anyone can take to get a great experience with their retro video game console:

• Connect the Tink 5x to your display using an HDMI cable.
• Connect your video game console’s video and audio to the Tink 5x using a supported cable (link to supported inputs section).
• Power on the Tink 5x using the included MicroUSB cable - many TV’s will have a USB hookup on the back that will work as a power source.

• Using the included remote, select the appropriate input from the Input Source menu. (This choice depends on the cable you are using to connect your video game console to the Tink 5x, see “Supported Inputs” section for more information).

• Using the included remote, select the appropriate output from the Output Res. menu. (For most TV’s, 1080p (Fill) is a great “all around” choice.)

And that’s it! You don’t have to be an A/V engineer to get remarkable results from the Tink 5x, all the hard work is done behind the scenes. Understanding jargon such as automatic phase detection, polyphase scaling or motion adaptive deinterlacing isn’t required for you to gain the benefits and enjoy your retro consoles on a flat panel with great results.

Supported Inputs

The Tink 5x supports nearly every major analog video format used by retro video game consoles. Here is a list of the supported signals and some common systems that used them.

Composite This is the “standard yellow video cable” most people are familiar with. Composite video cables were found on consoles ranging from the NES all the way through the Xbox 360 / PS3 era of gaming.

To use composite video: plug your cable’s video RCA plug (typically yellow in color) into the Tink 5x’s “Y” labeled input, and your left and right audio into the “L” and “R” inputs respectively. Then, select Composite from the Tink 5x’s Input Source menu.

SCART-CV The Tink 5x supports composite input over the SCART connector input. SCART was not widely used in the United States but was common in Europe, and video game consoles sometimes featured composite video and audio connections over SCART.

To use SCART-CV, plug in an appropriately wired SCART cable or use RCA cables for video/audio with a compatible SCART breakout adapter, and select SCART-CV from the Tink 5x’s Input Source menu.

S-Video S-Video is an iteration of composite video that features two parts of the composite signal (Y and C) across two separate wires. Using S-Video cables are typically regarded as a visual improvement over “standard” composite cables. Consoles that supported S-Video output include (but not limited to) PlayStation, Nintendo 64, Saturn and Dreamcast.

To use S-Video with the Tink 5x, plug the S-Video cable into the Tink 5x’s “Y/C” input, and your left and right audio into the “L” and “R” inputs respectively. Then, select S-Video from the Tink 5x’s Input Source menu.

YPbPr / Component SCART-RGB

RetroTink 5x Pro GUI Map

RetroTINK-5X Pro Main Menu

[Input] Opens Input Source Menu

[Output Res.] Opens Output Resolution Menu.

Scaling/Crop] Opens Scaling/Cropping Menu.

[Interp./Deint.] Opens Interpolation/De-interlacing Menu.

[H.Sampling] Opens Horizontal Sampling Menu.

[Post. Proc.] Opens Post-Processing Menu.

[SDTV Decoder] Opens Standard Definition Decoder Menu.

[Video ADC] Opens VIdeo ADC Menu.

[HDMI] Opens HDMI Output Menu.

[OSD] Opens On-Screen Display Menu.

[Save Profile] Opens Save Profile Menu.

[Load Profile] Opens Load Profile Menu.

[Status] Opens Status Menu.

[About] Opens About Menu.

Input Source

YPbPr Selects YPbPr input for “component” input. Supports 240p-1080i video sources.

SCART-RGB Selects SCART-RGB input. Supports 240p/480i RGB inputs, as well as “VGA”/”858” inputs using supported sync-combining cables and hardware (see HD15-2-SCART for more info).

Composite Selects composite input. Supports standard definition 240p / 480i video sources.

S-Video Selects S-Video input. Supports standard definition 240p / 480i video sources.

SCART-CV Selects composite video via the SCART connector. Composite over SCART cable or compatible RCA to SCART adapter is required. Supports standard definition 240p / 480i video sources.

YPbPr (SDP) Selects YPbPr input using the standard definition processor (SDP). Not as sharp as the normal YPbPr input but supports better error tolerance and color adjustments. Only accepts standard definition 240p or 480i sources.

Output Resolution

1080p (Fill) Selects 1080p (Fill) output mode. In this mode, the video source will be stretched vertically to fit the screen. Pro’s: None of the video information is cropped, all of the vertical screen space is used. Con’s: Somewhat softer image due to the non-integer scaling.

1080p (Over) Selects 1080p (Over) output mode. In this mode, a 240p signal will be multiplied 5 times and 480i / 480p are multiplied 2.5 (2.5x) times. The output will slightly exceed the vertical edges of the 1080p frame and be cropped at the top and bottom. Many retro games accommodate this cropping as they were intended to be played on CRT’s that typically cropped this area as well. Pro’s: Larger playfied due to the 5x scale and sharp image thanks to integer scaling. Con’s: Vertically cropped image.

1080p (Under) Selects 1080p (Under) output mode. In this mode, a 240p signal will be multiplied 4 times and 480i / 480p are multiplied 2 times. The video output will be centered on the screen with a black border. Pro’s: Sharp integer scaled output. Con’s: Smaller image / unused 1080p screen space.

1080p (Min-Lag) Selects 1080p (Min-Lag) output mode. In this mode, 240p, 480i and 480p sources are scaled in approximately 1 millisecond to achieve the absolute lowest possible latency.

1200p Selects 1200p output mode. 720p Selects 720p output mode. 480p Selects 480p output mode.

The following outputs are disabled by default and can be enabled by setting “Advanced Res” to “On” in the [OSD] (On-Screen Display) menu.

1920x1440p Selects 1920x1440p output mode.

2560x1440p Selects 2560x1440p output mode.

4K (24/25Hz) Selects 4K (24/25Hz) output mode.

1536p (iPad) Selects 1536p (iPad) output mode.

Scaling/Cropping

H Position Adjusts the horizontal position of the image. Ranges from “-508” to “+512” values and steps in increments of “4”. Default value is “+0”.

V Position Adjusts the vertical position of the image. Ranges from “-128” to “++127” values and steps in increments of “1”. Default value is “+0”.

H (Interp) Size

V Size H Crop Start H Crop End V Crop Start V Crop End

Interpolation/De-interlacing

Vertical Filter Deinterlacer Bob Offset Bob Scanline Field Order Pre-scaler

Horizontal Sampling

Preset Phase Detect Lock Speed ADC Samp./Line H (Interp) Size Allow Interlace

Post-Processing

Load Preset +Scanline Beam +Scanline Str. +Intensity Mod. +Mask +Gamma Boost +Color Boost +Pre-emph

===========

Standard Definition Decoder

===========

Brightness Chroma Phase Contrast Y/C Filter Aperture CTIE Black Level

Video ADC

SDTV LPF EDTV LPF SoG Thresh LLPLL Gain LLPLL BW Pre-Coast Post-Coast ADC Phase

HDMI Output

V-Sync Lock to 60 Hz Colorspace Chroma Mode Blue Only Disable CSC AVINFO AR TMDS Clock:

On-Screen Display

Size Blanking Color Lightgun Border Startup Profile Advanced Res

Save Profile

Slot 1 Slot 2 Slot 3 Slot 4 Slot 5 Slot 6 Slot 7 Slot 8 Slot 9 Slot 10

Load Profile

Slot 1 Slot 2 Slot 3 Slot 4 Slot 5 Slot 6 Slot 7 Slot 8 Slot 9 Slot 10 Default

Status

Source: Output Res:

No Signal

(or if a signal is detected:)

Input Lines: Input H-Freq: Input V-Freq: Samples/Line: ADC Clock: Ticks/Frame:

[About]:

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TO DO

Notes / Ideas Feature matrix from version to version output resolutions, sampling modes, +/- ranges for stuff like pre-emph