AV:RetroTINK-4K

The RetroTINK-4K is an advanced video scaler from RetroTINK LLC. Building on the functionality of the RetroTINK-2X and RetroTINK-5X, the RetroTINK-4K offers high-end video scaling and processing at resolutions up to 4K60.

Overview

The RetroTINK-4K is the latest evolution of the RetroTINK line of video line doublers and upscalers. Below is a list of some standout features:

Output

• Digital Video up to 4K60
  • Flexible output modes including 480p, 1080p, 1440p at various refresh rates
  • Custom modelines on the SD card
• Fully buffered video (drop-free on input changes), Gen Locked and Frame Locked sync modes
• HDR10 output with full color correction to Rec. 2020
• High frame rate output modes: 1440p120, 1080p240
• Optional deep color output (10 bits at 4K60 may not be compatible with all displays)
• Up to 8-ch LPCM audio

Inputs

• Supports for virtually all analog formats:
  • HD15/VGA: RGBHV, RGBS, RGsB, YPbPr, S-video and Composite
  • SCART: RGBS, RGsB, YPbPr, S-video and Composite
  • Rear RCA: RGsB, YPbPr and Composite
  • Front Composite
  • Front S-Video
• Digital Video Input supporting up to 1080p60/1200p (CVT-rb)
• Analog audio input sampled at up to 96kHz/24-bit with full gain control
• Optical TOSLINK audio input supporting 2-Ch LPCM or compressed surround
• Digital Video audio supports up to 8-ch LPCM

Analog Video

• Automatic gain calibration
• Automatic phase calibration
• Automatic input cropping to trim borders
• Full control of gain, offset and sample rate
• Console specific automatic sample rate detection (experimental feature)
• Support for a wide variety of off-spec arcade and PC boards (may require custom profiles to properly trim and center the image)
• Max input resolution of 1920x1080p60 or 1920x1200p60 CVT-rb
• Robust composite/S-video decoder with multi-region support (NTSC, PAL, PAL-60, SECAM)

Scaling

• Fully flexible, custom cropping and zooming in the horizontal and vertical space independent of other settings
• Automatic aspect ratio correction to 4:3 or 16:9
• Motion adaptive deinterlacing including film modes for 3:2 and 2:2 inverse telecine (experimental feature)
• RoTATE 90 deg CW or CCW (for 240p, 288p and 360p inputs)

CRT Simulation

• Multiple CRT beam profiles

• Fully configurable CRT beam strength and intensity modulation
• Adjustable CRT masks and strength
• Interlaced video simulation with offset scanlines
• LCD simulation patterns that automatically adapt to scaling, including non-integer factors

Image Processing

• End to end RGB pipeline with internal 12-bit precision
• Conventional gamma and approximated modes to minimize quantization error
• Advanced and fully configurable gamma and perceptual quantizer (HDR)
• Advanced color gamut transforms to simulate different display technologies
• Black frame insertion engine with customizable pattern and intensity
• Linear light processing

User Interface

• Advanced OSD menu based system
• SD Card for saving profiles, custom modelines and firmware updates
• Custom premium remote control

Alternatives

The RetroTINK-4K is a premium product designed for high-end analog and digital video upscaling. It may be insightful for some users to compare the 4K's feature set to its sister product, the RetroTINK-5X. The table below emphasizes some key improvements and features the 4K to its predecessor.

RetroTINK-4K Versus RetroTINK-5X Feature Comparison
Feature	RetroTINK-4K	RetroTINK-5X
Max Output	4K60 (3840 x 2160)	1080p60 (1920 x 1080), Experimental 2560 x 1440p60
Black Frame Insertion	Yes	No
High Framerate Output	Yes	No
Digital Video Input	Yes	No (requires digital to analog transcoding, limited support)
Interpolation	Advanced (Lanczos, Cubic, etc.)	Basic Bilinear and Bilinear Sharp Only
1080p Input	Yes (Digital / YPbPr)	No, 1080i max input over YPbPr (limited support)
VGA Input	Yes / Fully Supported	No (requires VGA to SCART solution) / limited support
RGsB Input	Yes	No
Linear Light Processing	Yes	No
Rotation	Yes via RoTATE	No
HDR	Yes	Yes* (injection only, no color transforms or tone mapping)
Digital Audio In	Yes	Yes
Automatic Sample Rate Detection	Yes	No
Automatic Phase	Yes (advanced algorithm)	Yes (basic algorithm)
Automatic Gain	Yes	No (requires manual calibration)
Pipeline	RGB 4:4:4 at 12-bits	Oversampled YCbCr 4:2:2 at 8-bits
Customizable Shadow Masks	Yes (loaded from SD)	No (Hard Coded from Firmware)
Profile Slots	1,000+	10
Transferable Profiles	Yes (SD card file system)	No (manual entry profile slots)
Gamma Correction	Advanced controls plus HDR PQ	Basic output gamma adjustment only
Custom Color Gamuts	Yes	No
Firmware Updates	SD card file update	Requires connection to PC with FW update software
Non-Integer Scanline Support	Yes	Yes
Advanced MA Deinterlacing	Yes (1080i, adjustable thresholds)	No (480i/576i max, no customization)
480i/240p Downscaling	Possible but Unsupported	Yes
Smoothing Filter	No	Yes (Smooth vertical interpolation)

Getting Started

Insert SD card with RT4K firmware, HDMI™ output, USB-C power and whatever inputs you wish to use.

The RetroTINK-4K is designed to be powerful, yet easy to use and quick to setup. Here are some steps to get started Using the RetroTINK-4K:

1. SD Card: A card is included with every RetroTINK-4K that includes the launch firmware and profiles. Please make sure this card is inserted in the device, as it is required for proper operation. If you lose the card, any FAT32 SD card 32 GB or less may be substituted.
2. USB-C Power: Connect a USB-C cable supplying at least 5V/2A to the USB-C power input on the 4K.
3. Video Output: Connect an HDMI™ cable (2.0 or higher / 18Gbps+) from the RetroTINK-4K output to your display.
4. Video Input: Connect your device's signal to any of the RetroTINK-4K's inputs. More information on supported connections can be found in the Inputs section.
5. Confirm Video: By default, the RetroTINK-4K outputs 4K60. If you don't see any picture, confirm that your display supports 4K60, or press the button on the remote that matches the resolution of your display (1080p, 1440p, or 480p). See the Remote and Output sections for more information.
6. Select Your Input: Once you see the 4K's splash screen on your display, you will need to select your input. To do this, use the remote to navigate through the Input selections and choose the port and signal your device is using.
7. Enjoy: Once your video source is visible, that is it! Enjoy the high quality, low latency scaling of the RetroTINK-4K. Time to play the game!

Basic Calibration

With your game up and running, you may want to consider a couple more steps:
(note that HDMI™ video sources do not require calibration)

Auto Calibrate the Gain: Under Advanced Settings > RGB/Component ADC are the brightness controls for analog signals. Gain settings apply on a per-console basis. In the Auto Calibrate section at the bottom, select "Gain" to have the RT4K calibrate the gain. So long as the screen has a decent patch of pure white, the calibration will be fairly close. For advanced users, consider using a full white screen in the 240p Test Suite.

Crop The Picture: Under Advanced Settings > Scaling / Crop Setup will be the cropping controls. The RT4K positions the image based on how it's cropped, so this is how you get it to fill the screen the way you want it to. Crop settings apply on a per-game basis, and can be done manually or with Auto Crop. Manual Cropping tools are in the Input Crop section at the top. Top / Bottom Trim affects how the image is sized vertically on your screen. Left / Right Trim affects how the picture is positioned horizontally, but if a game uses multiple resolutions (like many PS1 games), you'll want to leave those two alone. Automatic Cropping tools are in the CP Auto Crop section. "Vertical Only" crops only the top and bottom edges, "Full Crop to 4:3" crops all four edges, and "Full Crop to 16:9" crops all four edges and sets the Aspect Correction to 16:9. Automatic Cropping isn't infallible: make sure the picture has no completely black or dark edges as this can cause the Auto Crop to crop too far! If it's incorrect, you can still adjust it yourself using the manual Tweaks, Filters and Beyond Of course, there is a lot more you can do from here. Some options to explore: (these will be links to fleshed out sections of the wiki) Choose an Expert-Crafted Optimal Profile Customize CRT and Scanline Effects Improve Image Vividness with HDR Improve Motion Clarity With Black Frame Insertion In addition to these, there are many other adjustments, tweaks and possibilities for image manipulation to explore documented throughout this wiki. Inputs The RetroTINK-4K features inputs for a wide variety of signals and connector types. Front The Tink 4K offers S-Video (over Mini-Din) and Composite (over RCA) inputs in the front. The red and white RCA jacks are stereo audio inputs. Red/White front audio inputs are active when either the Front Composite or S-Video input is selected (assuming audio input override is not used). Front Inputs Composite To use composite video, use the yellow RCA jack for video (CVBS/Composite) and the Red/White RCA jacks for right and left audio input, respectively. S-Video To use composite video, Mini-Din for video (Y/C S-Video) and the Red/White RCA jacks for right and left audio input, respectively. Rear RCA The rear RCA jacks support YPbPr (component), RGsB, and CVBS (composite) inputs. Rear RCA Input YPbPr To use YPbPr (Component Video), connect the Red, Green and Blue YPbPr video cables to their corresponding colored RCA connectors, noting that the Red/White pair to the left is for stereo audio input. The maximum resolution supported is 1920x1080p 60fps, or 148.5Mhz RGsB The Rear RCA input also supports RGsB, a flavor of RGB that sends the sync alongside the Green signal. To use RGsB (aka RGB Sync on Green), connect the Red, Green and Blue RGsB signals to their corresponding colored RCA connectors, noting that the Red/White pair to the left is for stereo audio input. The maximum resolution supported is 1920x1080p 60fps, or 148.5Mhz CVBS on Green Composite video (CVBS) can be used with the Rear RCA input. To use CVBS, connect the composite signal connector to the Green RCA jack. The Red/White pair of jacks furthest left is for stereo audio input. The maximum supported resolution is 480i. SCART SCART Input RGBS (75 ohm) RGBS is a form of RGB where sync is sent through a discrete line. The TINK 4k accepts the following RGBS signal formats via SCART: Composite Sync (attenuated), Sync-on-Luma, and Sync-on-composite. They all work by sending information down the Red, Green, Blue, and "Sync" lines. The maximum resolution supported is 1920x1080p 60fps, or 148.5Mhz RGsB RGsB sends sync down the green input, using only 3 cables. This RGB format is notably used by the PS2 when in 480p mode via SCART. The maximum resolution supported is 1920x1080p 60fps, or 148.5Mhz YPbPr YPbPr is sent through the Green, Blue, and Red pins, respectively. The maximum resolution supported is 1920x1080p 60fps, or 148.5Mhz CVBS on Pin 20 Composite video sent through Pin 20. If you use a composite/s-video scart adapter, composite will go down this line. (sic) The maximum resolution supported is 480i. CBVS on Green Composite video can be sent through the Green pin. This would be useful if you use a component (YPbPr) to SCART adapter, just plug composite (yellow) into the Y RCA jack (Green). The maximum resolution supported is 480i. Y/C on Pin 20/Red S-Video (Y/C) is broken out into 2 pins, Green and Red. This is useful if you wish to connect S-Video with a SCART Switch using an adapter. The maximum resolution supported is 480i. SCART Jack Pinout Pin # RGBS (75 Ohm) RGsB YPbPr CVBS on Pin 20 CBVS on Green Y/C on Pin 20/Red 1 Unused 2 Audio In - Right 3 Unused 4 Ground 5 Ground 6 Audio In - Left 7 Blue Blue Pb 8 Unused 9 Ground 10 Unused 11 Green Green+Sync Y CVBS 12 Unused 13 Ground 14 Unused 15 Red Red Pr Chroma (C) 16 Unused 17 Ground 18 Ground 19 Unused 20 Sync CVBS Luma (Y) HD-15 HD-15 Input RGBHV RGBHV is a form of RGB where information is sent through 5 lines: Red, Green, Blue, Horizontal Sync, and Vertical Sync. The maximum resolution supported is 1920x1080p 60fps, or 148.5Mhz RGBS RGBS is a form of RGB where sync is sent through one line, instead of two. The Tink 4k HD-15 connection supports these forms of RGBS: Composite Sync, Sync-on-Luma, and Sync-on-composite. They all work by sending information down the Red, Green, Blue, and "H-Sync" lines. The maximum resolution supported is 1920x1080p 60fps, or 148.5Mhz RGsB RGsB sends sync down the green input, using only 3 cables. This RGB format is notably used by the PS2 when in 480p mode via RGB. The maximum resolution supported is 1920x1080p 60fps, or 148.5Mhz YPbPr YPbPr is sent through the Green, Blue, and Red pins, respectively. The maximum resolution supported is 1920x1080p 60fps, or 148.5Mhz CBVS on Hsync Composite video sent through the HSync pin ofthe HD-15 connection. If you use a composite/s-video scart adapter, composite will go down this line. (sic) The maximum resolution supported is 480i. CBVS on Green Composite video can be sent through the Green pin. This would be useful if you use a component (YPbPr) to VGA adapter, just plug composite (yellow) into the Y RCA jack (Green). The maximum supported resolution is 480i. Y/C on Green/Red S-Video (Y/C) is broken out into 2 pins, Green and Red. This is useful if you wish to connect S-Video with a VGA Switch using an adapter. The maximum supported resolution is 480i. HD-15 Jack Pinout Pin # RGBHV RGBS RGsB YPbPr CBVS on Hsync CBVS on Green Y/C on Green/Red Data 1 Red Red Red Pr Chroma(C) 2 Green Green Green+Sync Y CVBS Luma(Y) 3 Blue Blue Blue Pb 4 Unused 5 Ground 6 Ground 7 Ground 8 Ground 9 Unused 10 Ground 11 Unused 12 External Transmit (EXT TX) 13 Horizontal Sync Sync CVBS 14 Vertical Sync 15 External Receive (EXT RX) Digital Video Digital Video Input The Tink 4k supports many resolutions digitally up to 1080p 60fps (10Gbps) via its Digital Video line. 3.5mm TRS Audio 3.5mm TRS Audio The RetroTINK 4k-Pro allows for audio through a 3.5mm TRS input. This accepts stereo audio sound. Optical Audio Optical Audio The RetroTINK 4K-Pro offers a discrete optical audio Toslink input. This input 2-channel LPCM and compressed surround sound. Alternate Audio Inputs You can override the audio from any analog source over all video sources in the RetroTINK 4k-Pro. Make your way to the Advanced Settings, select "Audio Input" under "Acquisition" and make your way to the "Input Override" option under "Source" and select the audio source you want to use. The only exception is you cannot override an analog video source with audio from Digital Video. All other combinations work. Here's a brief description of the different possible audio sources for this option: Audio Input Override Sources Picture Name Description RCA (Rear) The leftmost two RCA inputs in the rear. White and Red, HD15 The 3.5mm TRS input in the rear. SCART The SCART input on the side. Audio is fed in through pins 2 and 6. Front The red and white RCA inputs in the front of the unit. SPDIF Optical audio fed through a Toslink input. HDMI™ Output The RetroTINK 4K-Pro only outputs via the Digital Video output port. Note that The RetroTINK 4K-Pro can not output through any of its analog ports. The HDMI™ Output menu allows you to set your output resolution, enable black frame insertion, change your colorspace output (colorimetry) and more. Here is a breakdown of some key functions: Output Resolutions The following outputs are readily supported by the RetroTINK 4K-Pro. Also noted are resolutions available by pushing their respective button on the remote. If you are unsure which resolution to use, use the buttons on the remote. TINK 4K Output Resolutions Resolution Description Remote Button? 4k60 Default resolution and framerate for 4k displays, aka 3840x2160p. Default Resolution for the TINK 4K-PRO Yes 4k50 Intended for PAL games and 24Hz content. No 1080p60 Default resolution for 1080p displays. Yes 1080p50 Intended for PAL games. and 24Hz content No 1440p60 Default resolution and framerate for 1440p monitors, aka 2560x1440p. Yes 1440p50 Intended for PAL games and 24Hz content No 1080p100 Intended for PAL games and 24Hz content with BFI No 1440p100 Intended for PAL games and 24Hz content with BFI No 1080p120 Intended for NTSC content with BFI No 1440p120 Intended for NTSC content with BFI No 480p60 Minimum suggested output resolution for modern displays, aka 720x480p. Pressing the Reset button on the back of the unit activates this resolution. Yes 2880x2160p70.00 Intended for off spec content from retro computers No 1920x2160p60.00 No 800x600p60.00 Output for retro computers. No 1920x1200p60 5x output for consoles intended for 8:5 (16:10) displays. No Sync Lock Sync Lock is a setting that decides how the RetroTINK-4K reinterprets the video timings of the source input. Triple Buffer create very high compatibility with displays and capture devices even for consoles with "imprecise" video. However, Triple Buffer mode comes at the expense of increased lag and occasional and minor judder. The lag varies between approximately 0.25 to 1.25 frames in this mode. THIS IS STOLEN FROM THE 5X WIKI AND NEEDS TO BE REWORKED FOR THE 4K Older video game consoles didn't always have perfect video timings. CRTs typically had no problems working with these variances, but these "imprecise" consoles can sometimes have trouble working with modern TVs and capture devices that conform to a more rigid standard. Some games, such as Silent Hill or Chrono Cross on the PlayStation 1, will alternate between 240p or 480i video modes if you are in-game or in the items/pause menu, respectively. On many displays, upscalers and capture devices, this will create a long delay and a "no input detected" screen for several seconds while the device reorients to the new video mode. The issue of a device taking a gameplay-harming amount of time to change between video modes has been colloquially called the "Chrono Cross" problem. These modes can be accessed in the "HDMI" menu, then adjusting the "V-Sync" option. For PAL users, it's worth noting that the Lock to 60hz feature may also be required to remove the "Chrono Cross" problem. Lock to 60hz also allows capture cards to not lose picture when nothing is output at all, such as before and after the console startup. The TINK-5X is not able to automatically switch its H. Sampling Preset when the resolution changes. If you are using one of the non-Generic presets, we recommend using the one that matches the gameplay. Triple Buffer The RetroTINK-5X Pro uses "Triple Buffer" mode to effectively eliminate the "Chrono Cross" problem and create very high compatibility with displays and capture devices even for consoles with "imprecise" video. However, Triple Buffer mode comes at the expense of increased lag and occasional and minor judder. The lag varies between approximately 0.25 to 1.25 frames in this mode. Frame Lock For those looking for the lowest possible lag, the RetroTINK-5X Pro offers a "Frame Lock" mode. With Frame Lock enabled, the RetroTINK-5X Pro uses the console's video input as its base clock and offers a fixed lag of approx. 0.25 frames. The lowered lag comes at the cost of possibly lower compatibility with some TVs and capture cards, and not protecting devices from the "Chrono Cross" problem. The RetroTINK-5X Pro defaults to Triple Buffer mode to ensure the highest compatibility for users. To toggle between Triple Buffer and Frame Lock, navigate to the HDMI settings and toggle the V. Sync (Vertical Sync) option. Gen Lock The 'Gen Lock' feature is only available with Firmware 2.73 or higher, and only on units sold after July 2021. This variance is due to a part that was substituted on account of supply shortages. Firmwares 2.73 and above will still work with older models (including newer features such as HDR), but won't display the Gen Lock feature. Similar but unique to Frame Lock Mode, Gen Lock allows the RetroTINK-5X Pro to match the input frame rate with a regenerated clock, resulting in a signal which is more stable than Frame Lock Mode. Mainly useful for 1440p+ resolutions with SDP sources (Composite/S-Video) that previously could not sync in Frame Lock. Other benefits include removing judder and composite artifacts that show up in triple buffering, as well as dejittering the SNES for displays that may otherwise not work in Frame Lock Mode. Variable Refresh Rate (VRR) Certain displays support Variable Refresh Rate, allowing them to achieve a wider range of frame rates. The RetroTINK-5X can flag its output as VRR, which improves input lag for the Frame Lock and Gen Lock V-Sync modes. For certain displays this will also enable a special low latency mode, reducing the display's input lag. Colorimetry Explain why you would choose one color space over another here / matching tink output with display/capture card expectation Black Frame Insertion (BFI) Black Frame Insertion (BFI) is a technique to improve motion clarity with high refresh rate monitors. As an example, a 60fps video source played on a 120hz monitor could have a black frame interstitially placed between every frame. The resulting "image-black-image-black" pattern can increase the perception of motion and fine details. If you have a higher refresh rate monitor, a customizable example can be viewed over at Blur Busters. To enable BFI: Set a Supported Resolution: The RetroTINK-4K can generate BFI, but due to bandwidth constraints, BFI is limited to 1440p or lower resolution output. When the Output Resolution is not set to a high frame rate output (100 or 120hz) BFI Controls will be disabled. Set a supported Sync Lock Mode: BFI also cannot be enabled unless you are in Gen or Frame Sync Lock mode. Black Frame Insertion (BFI) Settings Strobe: Strobe controls how the output frame rate is divided into the input frame rate. As depicted in the diagram, with Strobe 1, the 60Hz input frame is flashed one time at 240 Hz. At Strobe 2, the 60Hz input frame is flashed twice at 240Hz, with black frames in between. Alternatively, a 60Hz source within a 120Hz output would display for 1/2 of the time 120Hz output window. Blur: Blur is a duty cycle modifier that works in relation to Strobe to change how many frames the source video is presented in relation to the black frames. In the example diagram (60Hz Source inside a 240Hz output), a Blur of 1 would display the source video 1/4 of the 120Hz window, a Blur of 2 would display the source video 2/4 of the 120Hz window, and a Blur of 3 would display the source video 3/4 of the 120Hz window. Some relationships of Blur and Stobe are locked, such as a 60Hz video source in a 120Hz output window, which would only allow a Blur of 1 (1/2 of the output 120Hz window). More information about BFI can be found at Blur Busters. Remote RetroTINK-4K Remote Diagram Button Description Button Description Button Description Power Powers on / off the Tink 4K 11 Profile 11 4K Switches to 3840x2160p 60Hz INPUT Input Source Selection Menu 12 Profile 12 1080p Switches to 1920x1080p 60Hz OUT Digital Video Output menu MENU RetroTINK-4K Main Menu 1440p Switches to 2560x1440p 60Hz SCL Scaling/Crop Setup BACK Back button 480p Switches to 720x480p 60Hz SFX Image Processing △ Up RES1 Custom Output Resolution 1 ADC Enters Acquisition menu matching the current input ◁ Left RES2 Custom Output Resolution 2 PROF Profiles ENTER Enter RES3 Custom Output Resolution 3 1 Profile 1 ▷ Right RES4 Custom Output Resolution 4 2 Profile 2 ▽ Down AUX1 3 Profile 3 DIAG Diagnostic Console AUX2 4 Profile 4 STAT Status AUX3 5 Profile 5 AUTO-GAIN Auto Calibrate Gain AUX4 6 Profile 6 AUTO-PHASE Auto Calibrate Phase AUX5 7 Profile 7 PLAY/PAUSE Pause current screen AUX6 8 Profile 8 SAFE AUX7 9 Profile 9 SYNC-GEN Sync Lock Gen AUX8 10 Profile 10 SYNC-BUF Sync Lock Triple Buffer - Scaling/Crop The RetroTINK-4K has robust controls to adjust size, positioning and cropping. For most users, the CP Auto Crop function will trim the unused area Profiles Profile Management Included Profiles Community Profiles Profile Troubleshooting Advanced Settings Automatic Settings Automatic Sampling Detection The RetroTINK 4k can take advantage of sampling and scaling algorithms to seamlessly change settings when it detects a horizontal resolution change. This is useful for most analog retro gaming consoles, but requires knowledge of their "Master Sampling Rate," noted below. Master Sampling Rate Chart Console Name Master Sampling Rate Available Resolutions Super NES 3410 256x224, 256x239, 512x224 Sega Genesis/Mega Drive 256x224, 320x224 Sega Saturn Turbo Grafx 16/PCEngine 2730 256x224, 320x224 Sony Playstation 256x224, 320x224, 384x224, 512x224, 640x224 Sony Playstation 2 Once you know the master Sampling rate of your console, set that console's ADC Sample rate in the "Sample Rate Detection" menu under ADC Sample Rate, and turn both "Auto Dec. Factor" and "Auto Dec. Phase" to "On." Once you enable those options, if you know which resolutions you'll use, scroll down to that resolution to enable that horizontal resolution's detection and the RetroTINK 4K-Pro should automatically switch to a different set of settings whenever it detects that particular resolution is used. This process will help automatically set Decimation Factor and Decimation Phase in the ADC setup. Automatic Color Calibration For RGB and YPbPr sources ONLY. If you are able to find a sufficiently large patch of color that should be white in your game screen, make your way to the RGB/Component Setup page (click the ADC button on the remote) and make your way down to the "Auto Calibrate" option. Selecting this makes the RetroTINK 4K-Pro automatically calibrate your color based on that white patch. You may need to manually adjust the individual colors a few ticks more to get the true RGB code 255,255,255 for a color. Automatic Phase Any game screen is sufficient for automatic phasing, but it is recommended to use the 240p Test Suite or other sufficiently patterned screen for eyeballing results. whether you've set automatic sample detection using that menu, or you manually selected Decimation Factor in the ADC page, selecting Auto-Calibrate Phase makes the RetroTINK 4K-Pro automatically select the best Decimation Phase and Sub-Phase for your current picture and should give you the sharpest results. It is recommended you run this 3-5 times to make sure the same factors and phases are consistently chosen. CP Auto Crop The RetroTINK 4K-Pro can automatically crop and set aspect ratio for an input if it is fed a sufficient game screen. Letterboxed, pillar-boxed, and window-boxed screens are not recommended. Please see what the options do below: CP Auto Crop Settings Name Effect Vertical Only Automatically adjusts "Top Trim" and "Bottom Trim" to the top and bottom of the game image. Does not adjust Left Trim or Right Trim, and does not change Aspect Correction Full Crop to 4:3 Automatically adjusts Left, Right, Top, and Bottom Trim to the image, and changes Aspect Correction to 4:3 (PAR) Full Crop to 16:9 Automatically adjusts Left, Right, Top, and Bottom Trim to the image, and changes Aspect Correction to 16:9 (PAR) Image Scaling Console Specific Methodology Nintendo NES/Famicom The NES renders games in 256x224p. A stock NES, model number NES-001, supports composite, while most other NES consoles support RF. You will need at least a composite signal to connect with the RT4K. NES renders and outputs all audio in mono. To get correct stereo into the RT4K, you will need to use a female-to-dual-male RCA splitter, and connect both male ends to the stereo audio inputs of the RT4K. Super NES/Super Famicom The majority of Super NES games run in 256x224 resolution, while a select few games run with a mix of the following: 512x224 in the whole screen for menus, 256x224 for most of the image while running 512x224 over certain parts of the screen to create transparency effects, or the same but using 512x224 resolution to get sharper text on the screen. It is recommended to run the Super NES in 512x224p mode to make sure you get all available detail. (https://consolemods.org/wiki/AV:RetroTINK-5X_Pro#512_%22Hi_Res%22_Games) We recommend using a Super NES model number SNS-001 or Super Famicom model number SHVC-001 and an RGB SCART cable wired for Sync-on-Luma, as this works with both of the aforementioned models. There are internal revisions of these models, noted as "1-Chip" on the motherboard, and the 1-Chip-03 does not work with Composite Sync. There is a revised model, SNS-101 and SHVC-101, also known as the Super Nintendo Junior. This model only supports composite video. [Picture Here: 1-Chip without gain adjustments vs 1-Chip with gain adjustments] As noted, there are revisions of the original model Super NES, noted by the "1-chip" on the motherboard. The 1-chip boards have sharper yet brighter video, while the non-1-chip boards have a "smudged" and slightly darker look. We encourage using the auto-gain functions in the ADC to correct the video on both models. [Picture Here: Non-1-Chip vs 1-Chip] Profile included for automatic switching between 512 and 256 in Display Aspect Ratio, for both SCART and HDRV YPbPr cables. Super GameBoy The Super GameBoy Cartridge allows you to play original style GameBoy and GameBoy Color cartridges on your TV using the Super Nintendo, and adds borders. Once dialed in, GameBoy games are rendered in a 160x144p window inside a 256x239p canvas. [Picture Here: Generic SGB vs Optimized 15x] Profile included to maximize the GameBoy window to the screen. N64 All stock N64 support Composite, all NTSC N64 support S-Video, some PAL N64 do not support S-Video, and French N64 support SECAM S-Video. All N64 have 3 levels of video processing that keeps it from being sharp: All games scale their image to 640 pixels wide. Many games were rendered at different resolutions but the N64 will scale to 640. Many games render at 320 pixels wide and, as a trick, you can double your ADC Decimation factor to "correctly" render games in their original resolution. This trick only works for games that render at 320 pixels wide, and do not work for games that render at other resolutions that are not 320 or 640 pixels wide. Software level anti-aliasing. This can be disabled by patching ROMs or using a Gameshark to disable the effect. Hardware level anti-aliasing. This can't be disabled without a physical mod. [Picture Here: AA enabled vs AA disabled] [Picture Here: a 320 game with the trick used vs left at 640 (should be the same)] [Picture Here: a non-640 or 320 game with the trick used (should look worse)] Pokemon Stadium GameBoy Tower Pokemon Stadium's GameBoy Tower allows you to play Pokemon games on your TV, just like a Super GameBoy. It also uses borders just like the Super GameBoy. The issue, however, is the scaling noted above. These games render at 160x144p inside a 256x239p canvas, which is then scaled to 640 pixels wide. You will not get a sharp picture out of this setup due to that factor alone. It is recommended to play in a generic or default profile. [Picture Here: SGB vs Pokemon Stadium] Nintendo GameCube For the purposes of use with the RetroTINK 4K-Pro, it is highly recommended to use a DOL-001 GameCube, which has the digital out port, and an Insurrection Industries Carby, which outputs crisp digital video and can connect to the Digital Video input port of the RT4K. If you insist on buying YPbPr cables, we can only recommend the OEM D-Terminal cable with a D-Terminal to Component adapter, or the OEM component Cable. Most GameCube Games will run at 480p, and that progressive mode is activated by holding B when the GameCube boots up a game. Swiss, the Anti-Flicker Filter, and Horizontal Frame buffer Width While Most GameCube games run at 480p and progressive mode is relatively easy to access, many GameCube games use an "anti-flicker-filter" by default, which will soften the image. Most of these filters can't be turned off in-game, but the homebrew software Swiss will allow you to boot games, including your own disks, with the anti-flicker filter turned off. As an added bonus, newer versions of Swiss automatically turn the filter off and boot your game in 480p. [Picture Here: game with anti-flicker filter on vs off] [Video here: Smash Bros Melee turning the flicker filter on and off] A few GameCube games scale their image to fit the console's frame buffer before output. Swiss allows you to turn this off and shows the image at its original framebuffer width, and you can use the RT4K to scale it back, for a small sharpness gain. [picture here: Framebuffer width left alone and the framebuffer width option turned on, with the RT4K used to scale back to the intended resolution] (I don't know what game to use) 240p Games There are 2 GameCube games that run at 240p: Megaman X Collection, and the NES games in the Zelda Collector's Edition Promotional Disc. This means you do not have to enable 480p to run those games and can sharply scale these games on the RT4K. [Picture Here: Megaman X on Super NES vs GameCube] GameBoy Player + GameBoy Interface The GameBoy Player is a popular add-on to the GameCube that allows you to play GameBoy, GameBoy Color, and GameBoy Advance games on your TV. The GameBoy Player Disk does not sharply render games onto the screen, but you can use the homebrew software GameBoy Interface to sharply render games into the RT4K. A specific flavor of GBI was created to take advantage of the Insurrection Industries Carby and the TINK 4K's Digital Video input. Please use files gbihf-rt4k-HDMI.cli, gbihf-rt4k-HDMI.dol+cli or gbihf-rt4k-HDMI.gci included with GBI and follow the instructions noted here. [Picture Here: GBA game on RT5x scaled to 4k (12x scale) vs RT4K (13x scale)] [Picture Here: GBC game on RT5x scaled to 4k (12x scale) vs RT4K (15x scale)] Profiles included for 13x scaled GBA games and 15x scaled GBC games. Nintendo Wii The Nintendo Wii is a very versatile console: it plays GameCube Games, Wii Games, and many classic retro titles through emulators as part of the Virtual Console lineup. The Wii has easy to find YPbPr component cables and can easily support 480p across all Wii software through its component cables. The Wii only supports 3 resolutions: 720x240p, 720x480i, and 720x480p. Please read on for more information on getting the sharpest possible picture from a Wii. Profile included for basic generic output. It is recommended you use this for basic Wii use. Virtual Console Many Virtual Console games output at 240p when the Wii is in SDTV mode, and they will line double to output at 480p in EDTV mode. All virtual console games scale the image to 640 pixels wide, so it is recommended you use the default or generic profiles for playing virtual console games. Also of note: NES Virtual console games are rendered many shades darker than an orignal console, as an anti-epilepsy measure. [Picture Here: Donkey Kong on Super NES vs Donkey Kong on Wii with generic settings] USBLoader GX, and Counteracting the Anti-Flicker Filter, 480p LPF, and the Framebuffer Video Width Homebrew called USBLoader GX allows you to activate or deactivate code before running games, even on your disks. Most Wii games will apply an anti-flicker filter, even at 480p, which results in a softer picture. Use USBLoader GX's options to turn this off for Wii Games. If you wish to run GameCube games, you will need to turn the anti-flicker filter off separately in either Nintendont or Devolution, but USB-Loader GX does have these options in its menu. [Video here: Super Smash Bros Brawl's settings menu turning the anti-flicker filter on and off] There is an option in USBLoader GX called the "480p pixel fix" which makes the game look much sharper. It only works with RVL-001 models with the internal CPU-01 motherboard. [Picture here: Wii game with 480p pixel fix off vs on] You can get even sharper picture from the Wii by enabling the "Video Width: Framebuffer" option in USBLoader GX. This will make games output in their original rendering resolution, which you can then rescale using the RT4K to get a much sharper picture than originally intended at the "correct" aspect ratio. As an added bonus, NES and Super NES games will render at 512x224p with this option turned on, which you can use a doubled decimation factor to treat a game like its original 256x224 resolution, and get picture on par with their original consoles. [Picture Here: Megaman X Super NES Optimal vs Wii Optimal] Nintendo WiiU Please use the WiiU's HDMI output. Please also note the WiiU's HDMI outputs in limited range, so please change that in the HDMI Receiver Setup Menu. Nintendo Switch NSO Games it is highly recommended to use 1080p output for the NSO emulators and turning on "Pixel Perfect" in their settings under "Game Screen" and to also turn off "Show controls in game" under "Control Display," and to turn off "reproduce classic feel" on the GameBoy and GameBoy Advance apps. This way, all games output a perfectly integer scaled, line-multiplied output for their games. [Picture here: Donkey Kong Country Super NES Optimal vs Switch Optimal vs Switch no adjustments] For a 256 wide game [Picture here: Ristar Genesis on Wii Optimal vs Switch Optimal vs Switch no adjustments] for 320 wide games [picture here: Mario & Luigi Superstar Saga on GBI 13x vs Switch Optimal 13x vs Switch no Adjustments 12x] for GBA games [Picture Here: The Legend of Zelda, Oracle of Ages on GBI 15x vs Switch Optimal 15x vs Switch no adjustments 14x] for GBC games Sega Master System Recommended output: RGB Sega Genesis/Mega Drive Recommended output: RGB Composite effects. see this portion of the 5x wiki https://consolemods.org/wiki/AV:RetroTINK-5X_Pro#Genesis_Dithering Sega CD Sega 32x Master System Games on Genesis Sega Saturn Recommended output: RGB Sega Dreamcast Recommended Output: RGBHV Sony PlayStation All Sony Playstation models support RGBS. It is recommended to use a well shielded SCART cable that uses Sync-on-Luma. Resolution Switching PlayStation games will switch resolutions often, usually horizontal resolutions, but occasionally vertical resolutions as well. The PlayStation is a perfect use for the Automatic Sampling Detection feature of the RT4K. To help with switching vertical resolutions quickly, please enable Triple Buffer in the RT4K's Output menu. see this part of the 5x wiki https://consolemods.org/wiki/AV:RetroTINK-5X_Pro#Resolution_Switching Profiles included will automatically switch to all resolutions. You may want to consider looking through your game collection and see if you can turn off any resolutions that you won't use, for faster response from the auto sampling detection. Sony PlayStation 2 The PS2 outputs 240p, 480i, 480p, and 1080i and supports RGB as well as YPbPr. For simplicity, it is highly recommended to use YPbPr cables because the RT4K will automatically detect and switch to all those resolutions seamlessly. The PS2 will use RGBS for 240p and 480i, but will switch to RGsB for any resolutions above that. While the RT4K supports RGsB, it does not automatically switch from RGBS to RGsB, you will need to change the input manually. All PS2 games will output either 512 pixels wide or 640 pixels wide. [sic] PS1 Backwards Compatibility PS1 games on PS2 use a different set of optimal sampling numbers than the PS1 console. Sony PlayStation Portable PSP models PSP-2000, PSP-3000, and PSP-N1000 (aka PSP GO) can output to a display, and it is highly recommended to use component cables with the RT4K. PSP games are rendered at 480x272p. When they are displayed on a television with component cables, they render a 480x272p picture inside of a 720x480p canvas. You can use the RT4K to upscale the image to fit the screen. You will get the sharpest integer scaled picture at the expense of cutting off 2 vertical pixels. [Picture here: PSP left alone (4.5x scale) vs PSP scaled to 8x] Playstation Classics PlayStation Classics are PS1 games played on the PSP. You can render these games in their original resolution by enabling interlaced output in the display settings. [picture here: ps1 console optimized vs ps1 classic] Sony PlayStation 3 The PS3 supports HDMI and it is recommended to use that for the sharpest possible picture with the RT4K. While the PS3 does support up to 1080p using YPbPr, the standard is put to its limits and doesn't provide a picture as sharp as HDMI. PS3 will automatically switch games to their highest automatically supported and selected resolution and the RT4K supports all inputs the PS3 supports. [Picture Here: HDMI vs YPbPr] PS1 Classics PS1 games render in 480p, but scale the image to 4:3 aspect ratio. For the sharpest picture, it is recommended to turn off "PS Upscaling" in the PS3's settings and to use prescale 1/2 in the RT4K's Scaling/Crop Menu. [Picture Here: PS1 console optimized vs ps1 classic] Sony Playstation TV The PSTV allows you to play Vita, PSP, and PS1 Classics on your TV through HDMI. By default, all output from the PlayStation TV is soft because of the following factors: All software has a bilinear filter applied All software is scaled to the PSTV's selected output resolution Vita software is internally scaled to 960x544p regardless of its original rendering resolution. This applies to Vita handhelds as well PS1 Classics are unevenly, horizontally scaled to 4:3. To counteract this for the sharpest possible picture, we highly recommend installing custom firmware on your PSTV and installing the Sharpscale plugin to counteract all the above effects applied to the PSTV. Sharpscale plugin See an overview of sharpscale here. The following suggestions only work when sharpscale is enabled with the following options: [picture of sharpscale plugin with the following settings enabled] PSTV Sharpscale Options Option Name Option Choice Scaling Mode Integer PS1 Aspect Ratio Pixel Scaling Algorithm Point Unlock Framebuffer Size Off Vita Games When Playing a Vita Game, the PSTV outputs a 960x544p picture inside of a 1280x720p canvas. Use the following settings to get the sharpest integer scaled picture for Vita Games. These settings cut off 4 vertical pixels from Vita games. RT4K PSTV Vita Settings Scaling/Crop Setup Top Trim -90 Bottom Trim -90 [Picture Here: Steamworld Dig 2 with sharpscale disabled vs enabled and optimized] PSP Games The PSTV also outputs a 960x544p picture inside of a 1280x720p canvas. Use the following settings to get the sharpest integer scaled picture for PSP games. These settings cut off 2 vertical pixels from PSP games. RT4K PSTV PSP Settings HDMI Receiver Setup Input Pixels 2 Scaling/Crop Setup Top Trim -45 Bottom Trim -45 Vert. Pre-Scale 1/2 [Picture Here: Final Fantasy IV with sharpscale disabled vs enabled and optimized] PS1 Classics Sharpscale will allow you to get the sharpest picture for ps1 games, but the behavior is not optimal. With the Integer Scaling Mode setting enabled in Sharpscale, some resolutions will use the full vertical space, and others will only scale to 480 vertical pixels inside 720p. it is recommended you look at the resolutions supported by your game before you use sharpscale with the RT4K and see if it is worth avoiding the headache. If you set PS1 Aspect Ratio to 4:3, the PSTV will force all games to fit, but they will not evenly scale horizontally, resulting in shimmering pixels. [Picture Here: PS1 console optimized vs pstv optimized] Sony Playstation 4 TurboGrafx-16/PCEngine Microsoft Xbox Preferred output: YPbPr. Up to 720p available with custom firmware Microsoft Xbox 360 Preferred Output: HDMI where available Alternate Output: YPbPr for any Xbox 360 that doesn't support HDMI. Microsoft Xbox One Troubleshooting Profile Repository Generic Profiles Profile Name 1 Download 1 Description Profile Name 2 Download 2 Description Downscaling Profile Name 1 Download 1 Description Profile Name 2 Download 2 Description Console Specific 3DO Interactive Multiplayer Profile Name 1 Download 1 Description Profile Name 2 Download 2 Description Atari Jaguar Profile Name 1 Download 1 Description Profile Name 2 Download 2 Description Microsoft Xbox Profile Name 1 Download 1 Description Profile Name 2 Download 2 Description Microsoft Xbox 360 Profile Name 1 Download 1 Description Profile Name 2 Download 2 Description Neo Geo AES Profile Name 1 Download 1 Description Profile Name 2 Download 2 Description Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) Profile Name 1 Download 1 Description Profile Name 2 Download 2 Description Super Nintendo / Super Famicom Profile Name 1 Download 1 Description Profile Name 2 Download 2 Description Nintendo 64 Profile Name 1 Download 1 Description Profile Name 2 Download 2 Description Nintendo Gamecube Profile Name 1 Download 1 Description Profile Name 2 Download 2 Description Nintendo Wii Profile Name Download 1 Profile Description Generic Download 2 Recommended for use with an unhacked Wii, optimized for 240p, 480i, and 480p. VC 256 Recommended for use with the NES and Super NES Virtual Console games that output 256 wide pixels on a hacked Wii. Make sure to switch "Video Width" to Framebuffer in USBLoader GX. VC ~256 Recommended for use with games that should be 256 pixels wide but are scaled to 320 pixels a hacked Wii. Make sure to switch "Video Width" to Framebuffer in USBLoader GX. DO NOT USE with games that actually output 256 pixels wide. VC 320 Recommended for use with Virtual Console games that output 320 pixels wide on a hacked Wii. Make sure to switch "Video Width" to Framebuffer in USBLoader GX. Nintendo Wii U Profile Name 1 Download 1 Description Profile Name 2 Download 2 Description Nintendo Switch Profile Name Profile Description N64 720 Download 1 Set the Switch to 720p to use this profile. NSO N64 games render at 720p. This profile is for use with scanlines to approximate the look on a CRT, not for additional sharpness. If you want a sharper picture, use the default profile. NSO 256 Download 2 To be used with the NES, Super NES, and Sega Genesis Nintendo Switch Online emulators when the game has an 8:7 aspect ratio. NSO 320 Download 3 To be used with the Sega Genesis Nintendo Switch Online emulator when the game has a 10:7 aspect ratio GBA This profile is for use with any GBA game on Switch, including the NSO GBA app as well as ports of GBA games that are scaled 6x to 1080p. This allows for a 13x scale to 2160p, where a default profile would only scale games 12x. GBC This profile is for use with any GBC game on Switch, including the NSO GBC app as well as ports of GBC games that are scaled 7x to 1080p. This allows for a 15x scale to 2160p, where a default profile would only scale games 14x. Phillips CDi Profile Name 1 Download 1 Description Profile Name 2 Download 2 Description Pioneer LaserActive Profile Name 1 Download 1 Description Profile Name 2 Download 2 Description Sega Master System Profile Name 1 Download 1 Description Profile Name 2 Download 2 Description Sega Genesis / Megadrive Profile Name 1 Download 1 Description Profile Name 2 Download 2 Description Sega Saturn Profile Name 1 Download 1 Description Profile Name 2 Download 2 Description Sega Dreamcast Profile Name 1 Download 1 Description Profile Name 2 Download 2 Description Sony PlayStation 1 Profile Name 1 Download 1 Description Profile Name 2 Download 2 Description Sony PlayStation 2 Profile Name 1 Download 1 Description Profile Name 2 Download 2 Description Sony PlayStation 3 Profile Name 1 Download 1 Description Profile Name 2 Download 2 Description Sony PSP Profile Name 1 Download 1 Description Profile Name 2 Download 2 Description Sony PlayStation TV/Vita TV The Playstation TV profiles require a hacked PSTV and the Sharpscale plugin to take advantage of the potential sharpness the PSTV can give. If your PSTV is not hacked, please use the default profile. For the following profiles, please set the following options in Sharpscale: PSTV Sharpscale Options Option Name Option Choice Scaling Mode Integer PS1 Aspect Ratio Pixel Scaling Algorithm Point Unlock Frame Buffer Size Off Profile Name Description PSVita Download 1 The PlayStation TV outputs a 544p window onto a 720p canvas. Upscaled 4x to fit 2160p. Cuts off 4 pixels vertically PSP Download 2 Sets Decimation Factor to 2 and Prescale to 1/2 The Playstation TV outputs a line-doubled 272p window into a 720p canvas. Upscaled 8x to 2160p. Cuts off 4 pixels vertically. PS1 Generic The Playstation TV will output the PS1 game to an integer scale of its signal that will fit inside 1280x720p. Use this profile for PS1 games that switch between many resolutions often. 480i will scale 1x. 512x224p and 640x224p will scale 2x. 384x224, 320x224, and 256x224 will scale 3x. The following profiles require a slight change in Sharpscale settings. These profiles are best used with games that stick to one resolution for the majority of their gameplay. Do not use these with Chrono Cross or Silent Hill, their menus will cut off vertically Sharpscale Settings Option Name Option Choice Scaling Mode Real PS1 Aspect Ratio Pixel Scaling Algorithm Point Unlock Frame Buffer Size Off PSTV Profiles: PS1 Pixel Aspect Ratio Profile Name Profile Descriptions PS1 256 Download 3 Use for PS1 games that are primarily 256x224. PS1 320 Download 3 Use for PS1 games that are primarily 320x224. PS1 384 Download 4 Use for PS1 games that are primarily 384x224. PS1 512 Download 4 Use for PS1 games that are primarily 512x224 PS1 640 Download 5 Use for PS1 games that are primarily 640x224 TurboGrafx-16 / PC Engine Profile Name 1 Download 1 Description Profile Name 2 Download 2 Description Classic Mini Consoles 256 Download 1 Use with mini consoles that output a 3x integer scale of 8:7 aspect ratio games. Primarily used by NES and Super NES Classic Mini consoles. Note: The Famicom Classic Mini needs Digital Video Color space changed to "Limited" 320 Download 2 Use with mini consoles that output a 3x integer scale of 10:7 aspect ratio games. Primarily used by Sega Genesis Classic Mini. Analogue Pocket GBA Download 1 Set Scale size to 6x in Pocket GBA settings. Outputs 13x scaled GBA games where the default profile would normally scale to 12x. Do not use with Pocket scanline effects. GBC Download 2 Set Scale Size to 7x in Pocket GBC settings. Outputs 15x scaled GBC games where the default profile would normally scale to 14x. Do not use with Pocket scanline effects. Computer Specific FM Towns FM Towns computers once hitting white desktop variants output different video displays with some models performing internal upscaling conversions from 24khz to 31khz as well as some models performing 15khz to 31khz with adjustments in the TBIOS configuration file. EA and Pentium type desktops only output 31khz video modes. The below profiles are meant for all towers, UX, UG, UR, HG and HR models which are all models that do not perform internal conversion. FM Towns will require a custom profile for any displays at 24khz 24Khz Download 1 24Khz Display Mode Sharp X68000 Sharp X68000 is unique with its outputs primarily being 15khz and 31khz. A few games have hidden selectable 24khz display modes. Profile Name 1 Download 1 24Khz Mode in XXXX Game. Profile Name 2 Download 2 24Khz mode PC-8801 PC-8801 computers will output either 15khz or 24khz depending on the dipswitch settings in the back. If dipswitch settings are incorrect, games will refuse to boot and crash the computer. The 15khz VGA detection in the RT4K works very well for PC8801 and most video modes won't require a profile. A 24khz signal will require a profile to display properly. 24Khz Mode in BASIC Download 1 24Khz Mode in BASIC. Advanced Features Deinterlacer / Film Mode Setup Motion Adaptive Settings Motion Adaptive settings apply only to the Motion Adaptive Deinterlacing mode, allowing you to adjust it to your liking. Sensitivity - Adjusts the sensitivity of Motion Adaptive, between Min, Medium, High and Max. The higher this is set, the more weaving will be present for moving parts of the screen, at the benefit of a stabler look for static parts of the screen. Many games will look just fine on the Min. setting, however several games may require Medium or higher. For example, Burnout 3: Takedown on PlayStation 2 has a subtle flickering and animated noise that throws off the Motion Adaptive Deinterlacer for still parts of the screen. Notes Deinterlacer -> -> Motion Adaptive Settings -> Sensitivity (medium and high options might be might be reversed) Controls combing effect at costs of sharpness. Low = less combing. Deinterlacer -> -> Motion Adaptive Settings -> Interpolator: Basically controls how the "bob" portion of the MA is calculated. The bob is either taken from the line above, line below or the average of the upper and lower lines BFI. It's a matter of preference. I think either Top or Bottom interpolator looks a little sharper. Average is softer In the end it doesn't matter too much because Bob is only used during motion when it is hard to see detail anwyays Deinterlacer -> Motion Adaptive Settings -> Detector: This is a little complicated to explain... but let me try basically symmetric adds one frame of lag but the motion detection may be better. Because it is looking "one field into the future" idk if its really better tho in real life HDMI -> BFI Control -Strobe: How much the frame is divided down (i.e. 1 = divide by 2, 2 = divide by 3, 3 = divide by 4) from input to output -Blur: How many frames are ON vs OFF. So let's say we are converting 60 Hz -> 240 Hz. Blur = 1, ON, OFF, OFF, OFF. Blur = 2 is ON, ON, OFF, OFF -LCD Saver - inverts the pattern of the BFI to avoid renetion. But every few minutes u will see a flicker Custom Mode Lines #RT4K Custom Mode Line Format #H active, H front porch, H sync, H total blank, polarity (1 = pos, 0 = neg) #V active, V front porch, V sync, V total blank, polarity (1 = pos, 0 = neg) #Nominal frame rate (floating point) #Text name Launch Information https://www.retrotink.com/post/introducing-the-retrotink-4k User Guides Custom CRT Shadow Masks The RT4K allows for the use of custom CRT shadow mask overlays.This is primarily intended to give an effect similar to CRT slot masks, as opposed to the pictures scanlines. Custom CRT masks must be saved as 32-bit BMP files. The maximum dimensions of a CRT mask is 16 x 16 pixels. They can be smaller, which will result in denser tiling of the mask across the screen. A color value of 128 will be neutral,while 0 will completely black out the corresponding pixel. 255 will double the input value (although this will be clamped). CRT masks will NOT adhere to the pixel grid like the RT4K's scanlines will. You can make this happen yourself by having your overlay match the dimensions of a single pixel, but this will vary depending on many factors, and so should be paired with a specific Profile. Downscaling (pre-scale) Basics Explain Downscaling here RetroTINK-4K GUI Map Basic Setup Input Selection More information concerning inputs can be found in the Inputs section. Front Composite Selects the front composite input. S-Video Selects the front s-video input. RCA YPbPr Selects the rear RCA YPbPr input. RGsB Selects the rear RCA RGsB input. CVBS on Green Selects the rear RCA CVBS input. SCART RGBS (75 ohm) Selects the SCART input and sets it to RGBS RGsB Selects the SCART input and sets it to RGsB YPbPr Selects the SCART input and sets it to YPbPr CVBS on Pin 20 information CBVS on Green information Y/C on Pin 20/Red information HD-15 RGBHV information RGBS information RGsB information YPbPr information CBVS on Hsync information CBVS on Green information Y/C on Green/Red information Digital Video thing a information thing b information Digital Video Output More information concerning outputs can be found in the Outputs section. Transmitter HDR Enables "HDR10 [8-bit]" Colorimetry Lets you choose between "Auto", "Rec. 709", "Rec. 2020", "Adobe RGB" and "Display-P3". With HDR enabled, Rec. 2100 is also available via the "Auto" setting. Sync Lock Lets you choose between "Triple Buffer", "Gen 50.0 Hz (x1)" and "Frame 50.0 Hz (x1)". VRR Lets you choose between "Off" and "FreeSync". Deep Color Lets you choose between "Off" and "On". Exceeds the HDMI 2.1 bandwidth spec if used with 4K60 output. BFI Control Strobe information Blur information LCD Saver information Output Resolution 4K60 Sets the output to 3840x2160p at 60 frames per second 4K50 Sets the output to 3840x2160p at 50 frames per second 1080p60 Sets the output to 1920x1080p at 60 frames per second 1080p50 Sets the output to 1920x1080p at 50 frames per second 1080p100 Sets the output to 1920x1080p at 100 frames per second 1440p100 Sets the output to 2560x1440p at 100 frames per second 1080p120 Sets the output to 1920x1080p at 120 frames per second 1440p120 Sets the output to 2560x1440p at 120 frames per second 480p60 Sets the output to 640x480p at 60 frames per second Profiles Load Profile Load From File Loads a chosen profile from the "profile" folder on the SD card. Load Default Loads the Default Profile. Save Profile Save Current Saves the current profile by overwriting the original file on the SD card. Save As New Saves the current profile as "New Profile #". Assign Profile Button 1 Sets a specified profile on the SD card to Button 1 on the remote. Button 2 Sets a specified profile on the SD card to Button 2 on the remote. Button 3 Sets a specified profile on the SD card to Button 3 on the remote. Button 4 Sets a specified profile on the SD card to Button 4 on the remote. Button 5 Sets a specified profile on the SD card to Button 5 on the remote. Button 6 Sets a specified profile on the SD card to Button 6 on the remote. Button 7 Sets a specified profile on the SD card to Button 7 on the remote. Button 8 Sets a specified profile on the SD card to Button 8 on the remote. Button 9 Sets a specified profile on the SD card to Button 9 on the remote. Button 10 Sets a specified profile on the SD card to Button 10 on the remote. Button 11 Sets a specified profile on the SD card to Button 11 on the remote. Button 12 Sets a specified profile on the SD card to Button 12 on the remote. Power Up Sets a specified profile on the SD card to load when the RT4K is powered up. Advanced Settings Scaling/Cropping Input Crop Left Trim Adjusts trim on the left edge of the picture. Right Trim Adjusts trim on the right sedge of the picture. Top Trim Adjusts trim on the top edge of the picture. Bottom Trim Adjusts trim on the bottom edge of the picture. Vert. Pre-Scale information RoTATE (Beta) information CP Auto Crop Vertical Only Crops only the top and bottom edges of the image, sets Aspect Correction to "4:3 (PAR)" and Scaling Mode to "Proportional". Full Crop to 4:3 Crops all edges of the image, sets Aspect Correction to "4:3 (PAR)" and Scaling Mode to "Proportional". Full Crop to 16:9 Crops all edges of the image, sets Aspect Correction to "16:9 (PAR)" and Scaling Mode to "Proportional". Scaler Aspect Correction Lets you choose between "4:3 (PAR)", "16:9 (PAR)" and "1:1 (Sq. Pixel)" options. Scaling Mode Lets you choose between "Auto Fill", "Proportional", "Free-Form" and "Auto Fill Integer" options. Vert. Factor Adjusts the vertical height of the image. Only available when Scaling Mode is set to "Proportional" or "Free-Form". Hori. Factor Adjusts the Horizontal width of the image. Only available when Scaling Mode is set to "Free-Form". Buffer Length Displays the current lag in milliseconds. Can be set to "Min. Lag", "1/2 Frame" or "1 Frame". Masking Color Red Adds red to the cropping mask, between 0 and 31. Green Adds green to the cropping mask, between 0 and 31. Blue Adds blue to the cropping mask, between 0 and 31. Show Lets you choose between "Cropping Only" and "Always". Processing / Effects Interpolation Vert. Kernel Lets you choose between "Bilinear Sharp", "Bilinear Med.", "Bilinear Std.", "Bilinear Soft", "Cubic", "Lanczos2", "Lanczos3", "Sinc", and "None". Hori. Kernel Lets you choose between "Bilinear Sharp", "Bilinear Med.", "Bilinear Std.", "Bilinear Soft", "Cubic", "Lanczos2", "Lanczos3", "Sinc", and "None". Anti-Ringing Can be set to "On" or "Off". Only visible on "Lanczos2" and "Lanczos 3". Scanline Function Lets you choose between "Off", "Exponential", "Gaussian", "Super Gaussian", "Linear", "Box", "LCD Mono" and "LCD RGB". Anything except for "Off" will enable the settings below. Strength Increases scanline strength from 0 to 99. Modulation Increases modulation strength from 0 to 99. Red Bleed Enables red bleed. Red Convergence Adjusts red convergence from -10 to 10. Blue Convergence Adjusts blue convergence from -10 to 10. Mask Enable Enables the Mask feature, as well as the Strength option. Will not appear to do anything until "Load from File" is used. Strength Adjusts the mask strength from -10 to 10. Load from File Select a Mask File from the "mask" folder on the SD card. Horizontal Blur Function Lets you choose between "Off" and "IIR LPF", enabling the Cut-Off Freq option below. Cut-Off Freq Adjusts the blur strength from 0.50 MHz to 9.00 MHz, in 0.25 increments. Color Correction Gamma/Linear Light/HDR Input Factor Can be adjusted between 0.99 and 5.00. Input Lift Can be adjusted between -1.00 and 1.00. Input Gain Can be adjusted between 0.00 and 10.00. Output Factor Can be adjusted between 0.10 and 5.00. SMPTE 2048 PQ information Color Space Conversion Custom Matrix Enables the Input RGB to XYZ options below. Load from SD Lets you load a CSC file from the "csc" folder on the SD card. Input RGB to XYZ Xo[Rin] Can be adjusted between -1.75000 to +1.75000. Xo[Gin] Can be adjusted between -1.75000 to +1.75000. Xo[Bin] Can be adjusted between -1.75000 to +1.75000. Yo[Rin] Can be adjusted between -1.75000 to +1.75000. Yo[Gin] Can be adjusted between -1.75000 to +1.75000. Yo[Bin] Can be adjusted between -1.75000 to +1.75000. Zo[Rin] Can be adjusted between -1.75000 to +1.75000. Zo[Gin] Can be adjusted between -1.75000 to +1.75000. Zo[Bin] Can be adjusted between -1.75000 to +1.75000. Misc. Bit Crush Lowers the color depth of the picture. Can be adjusted between "Off" and "7 bits Removed". Black Frame Insertion BFI Insertion Strobe information Blur information LCD Saver information BFI Color Blending Mode Lets you choose between "Solid" and "Alpha". Red Adjusts Red, Green and Blue from 0 to 31. Green Adjusts Red, Green and Blue from 0 to 31. Blue Adjusts Red, Green and Blue from 0 to 31. Deinterlacer / Film Mode Algorithm: Lets you choose between "Motion Adaptive", "Weave", "Bob", "Linear", "Blend", "CRT Simulation" and "LCD Blending". Field Inversion: Reverses the fields of 480i signals. Can be set to "Off" or "On". Motion Adaptive Settings Sensitivity Adjusts the sensitivity of the Motion Adaptive Deinterlacer. Can be set to "Low", "Medium", "High" and "Max". Higher settings result in a more solid image but with more weaving artifacts. Noise Threshold Adjusts the noise threshold, at the cost of weaving. Can be adjusted between 0 and 63. Interpolator Choose which field to prioritize. Can be set to "Average", "Bottom Field" and "Upper Field" Detector Can be set to "Zero-lag" or "Symmetric". Bob Settings Offset Adjusts how far each field is shifted when using the "Bob" Algorithm. Can be set between -3 and +3. Film Mode Inverse Telecine Enables a detector for "3:2" telecine (24fps content) and "2:2" telecline (30fps content). Dejudder 24 Hz Can be set to "Off" or "On". Cadence Detection Motion Digital Can be set from 0 to 500. Motion CP Can be set from 0 to 500. Motion SDP Can be set from 0 to 500. Threshold Can be set from 0 to 500. Acquisition Digital In Receiver Input Decimation Input Pixels information Output Pixels information Initial Phase information Colorspace 4:2:2 Upsampler information Input Range information Input RGB range information RGB / Component ADC Sampling Samples per Line Manually set the sampling. Decimation Factor Can be set to between 2 and 16. Decimation Phase Value range matches the Decimation Factor. Sub-Phase Adjusts the Sub-Phase in 11.25 increments. Can be set as high as "348.75 deg" Anti-Alias LPF Can be set to "Auto (16MHz)", "9MHz (Strong)", "16 MHz (Med)", "35 MHz (Light)", "95 MHz (Min.)" and "Off". Sync SoG Threshold Adjusts the Sync on Green Threshold in 11.29 increments. Can be set between "0.00 mV" and "327.42 mV". Pre-coast Can be set between 1 and 31. Post-coast Can be set between 1 and 31. Slow-lock Gives more time to lock onto Sync on Green. Can be set to "Off" or "On". Gain Pre-ADC Adjusts the picture gain. Can be set between -0.7 and +0.8. Red Adds red to the picture, in increments of 0.008. Can be adjusted between 1.000 and 1.996. Green Adds green to the picture, in increments of 0.008. Can be adjusted between 1.000 and 1.996. Blue Adds blue to the picture, in increments of 0.008. Can be adjusted between 1.000 and 1.996. Offset Red Can be set between -100 and +100. Green Can be set between -100 and +100. Blue Can be set between -100 and +100. Auto Calibrate Phase Analyzes the picture to determine the Sub-Phase setting. Works best on detailed images with high contrast details. Gain Analyzes the picture to determine the Red, Green and Blue Phase settings. Works best on calibration screens like in the 240p Test Suite. Sample Rate Detection Control Auto Dec. Factor Can be set to "Off" or "On". Enables all other options in the Sample Rate Detection Menu Auto Dec. Phase Can be set to "Off" or "Auto". ADC Sample Rate Manually set the sampling. Progressive Detection Enable Sample Rate A information Enable Sample Rate B information Enable Sample Rate C information Enable Sample Rate D information Enable Sample Rate E information Enable Sample Rate F information Interlaced Detection Enable Sample Rate A information Enable Sample Rate B information Enable Sample Rate C information Enable Sample Rate D information Enable Sample Rate E information Enable Sample Rate F information SDP Decoder Gain / Balance Brightness information Contrast information Chroma information Phase information Blue Only information Setup information Processing Y/C Filter information Comb Bandwidth information Chroma Badwidth information Sharpness information CTIE information Sync H-Lock Speed information Standard information Audio Input Sampling Sample Rate Can be set to "48 kHz" or '96 kHz". Pre-amp Gain Can be set between "-24.0 dB" and "+28.0 dB" in 0.5 increments. Source Input Override Manually changed the audio input to another source. Can be set to "Off", "RCA", "HD-15", "SCART", "Front" or "S/PDIF". Input Swap Can be set to "Mono (Left)", "Mono (Right" or "L/R Swap". System OSD / Firmware On Screen Display Position Can be set to "Left", "Center" and "Right". Auto-Off Sets the time the menu will disable after inactivity. Can be set up to "100 sec" in 10 sec increments. Load Banner Loads a menu banner from the "image" folder on the SD card. Enable Debug OSD Permenantly displays one of the debug OSDs on the screen. Can be set to "Off", "Status Pg 1", "Status Pg 2", "Status Pg 3" or "Console". Firmware Update Check SD Card Checks the SD card for update files stored in the SD card's root directory. Status Status Lets one display one of three System Status pages relating to the RT4K. Device Status System Status Page 1: Video Source Video Source CP Proc. (I assume CP Proc will change based on selection) Input Timing information Pixel Clock information Freq information Detected Mode information Audio Input Audio Input I2S (I assume will change based on audio input) Measured Freq information Measured Freq information HDMI N / CTS information FPGA Core Scaler Clock information PLL VCO information Pipeline information SDRAM Clock information SDRAM Load information HDMI Transmitter Output Timing information Active Size information Pixel Clock information HDMI Standard information PIC32MX MCU System Clock information Uptime information Loop Time information Last IR Code information SD Card Free information System Status Page 2: HDMI Input Protocol Analyzer TMDS information Mode information Resolution information Colorspace information H. Timing information V. Timing (F0) information V. Timing (F1) information Audio information AVI Infoframe information Aud. Infoframe information VS Infoframe information ACP Infoframe information System Status Page 3: HDMI TX Information TX Mode information Hot Plug information Scrambling information Clock Factor information Ch 0 Error information Ch 1 Error information Ch 2 Error information Sink EDID Dump information Diagnostic Console to do Diagnostic Console Displays a diagnostic console screen regarding Digital In TX channels. About About Displays the name of the device, the firmware version, and the Device ID.